Calyx & Corolla Case Analysis

1. The strength of the Calyx & Corolla formula is that they enhance the delivering speed so that customers get fresher flowers. Also, it lowers the cost of delivery from growers to C & C, from wholesellers to retailers, and from retailers to customers. But there are also problems in the formula. For example, it is hard to control the quality of the products. C & C has to monitor the growers and Fed, and spend extra money to maintain the high quality of the products. . Calyx & Corolla has been successful because they make delivery more efficient, which is to deliver flowers directly from growers to customers so that the plants are fresher. Also, they accurately position themselves and send catalogues to people who are likely to buy flowers. It’s an efficient way to market without a large amount of cost. Third, they developed business partners to promote selling. 3.The large growers like Sunbay Company also distribute and sell flowers themselves. They also buy flowers from other growers. Thus it is hard to control the quality of the flowers they provide. The large growers like Sunbay Company are both partners and competitors because they also sell flowers to customers. 4. They are growing the business by launching an advertising campaign. They will advertise on television emphasizing the longevity and freshness of the lowers.They will insert mini-catalogs into newspaper supplements and magazines. 5. The company is customer-oriented. They directly link consumers with growers in order to reduce the time it took to deliver, thus ensure the freshness and longevity of the consumers. They will not let flowers frozen outside the door in the cold days if they fail to deliver it, because it this will not encourage consumers to buy flowers from them again.They send catalogs regularly and change their banquets seasonally to meet consumers’ needs. All they have done is to keep the â€Å"life-time† customers. They are not only selling flowers, they are se lling good service as well. 6. It’s easy for customers to find what they want through the website, because the company has provided different ways of categorizing the bouquets. Customers can decide what kind of flowers they need according to different situations. It’s very customer-oriented.

Should Girls Ask Guys Out

Yeah its ok why wouldnt it. Alot of girls ask out guys the only thing thats big thing for guys is guys suppose to propose first to a girl for marrige but other then that its whoever. It is absolutely ok! I know girls who have asked their current boyfriends out and it was no big deal. To be honest, some guys would actually prefer the girl to ask (especially shy guys). Traditionally guys do ask girls out, however in recent times gender roles have changed dramatically. If this guy says no to you and thinks its weird for you to ask him out then he must not have much respect for women anyways.Why date a guy like that? So just go for it! What do you have to lose? Yes but I'd make sure he likes you first. Actually some guys prefer for girls tO make the first move!! OF COURSE!! Why should it be any different for a girl to ask a guy out than a guy? Just because of american society it is â€Å"proper† for the guy to ask the girl out. That is stupid. If you like him why not? He may be th e one that you let go because of your ego of i am a girl i can't do this. I think this is one of the stupidest things in the world. If you like someone you go after them.You don't let them slip through your fingers. And as a guy feeling threatened that is stupid. Sometimes guy's are just to shy you know? I mean come on why do the guy's really have to do ALL the work? don't let him slip by you There is nothing wrong with a girl asking a guy out. Guys are always the ones putting themselves on the line and asking the girl. U can do it to. The worst that could happen is that he says no. sorry im not a girl but i believe i can help you. A majority of the time a girl is NOT going to ask you out.I used to be a guy that went around and waited for girls to ask me out because i was too scared of being shot down. So you pretty much gotta go for it. Not to scare you but not every single girl is gonna say yes. you will be turned down, however you will also be with more girls if you take the chan ce too. It is very worth the trouble. As for how to know if a girl likes you, its hard to say. Girls are good at hiding their feelings. You can tell by very subtle signs. If you notice them stareing into your eyes alot and see their eyes slightly relaxed this may be a sign. If when you are alone and you otice her getting closer and closer to you this is a good sign. Yeap.. girls ask guys out. Sometimes the guys are too shy themselves and we must take matters into our own hands!†¦ Look at it this way.. if you don't ask.. you already have your answer.. NO†¦. but if you DO ask.. at least you have a shot at getting a YES†¦ Not agree: Don't ask him out, you'll seem a little on the pathetic side. No offense. How do you know he likes you? Did you hear it from someone or him? If you did hear it from someone, you can joke around with How to Make a Man Fall in Love with YouIt’s easy to attract a guy and make him like you. The hard part is knowing how to make a man fall i n love with you. You don’t have to change yourself or pretend to be dumb just to make a man you like feel comfortable around you. If you really want to make a man fall in love with you, you need to understand men and their ways, and use it to your advantage. How to make a man fall in love Use these ten tips and you’ll see how easy it can be to connect with a man and make him desire you. And what’s the best part? Well, you really don’t need to change a thing about yourself! 1 Dress attractively Men are visual, and women know this better than anything else. When you’re out with the man you like, dress your best. If you see him grinning widely or taking discreet glances at your attire, you know you’ve hit the nail. But dressing attractively doesn’t just stop working its magic there. If he sees other men staring at you or admiring you, it’ll only make him desire you more. Men are extremely competitive when it comes to wooing women. Win the attention of other men in the room, and the man you like will do anything to get more attention from you.And of course, he’ll realize how lucky he is to be with you. [Read:  What guys always notice on a date] #2 Be pleasant and smile often Men can’t ever resist a cute smile. And if you can be pleasant and warm when you’re with him, he’ll love you for it. If you want to know how to make a man fall in love with you, tuck your hair behind your ear as you answer an awkward question, blush a bit when you’re being complimentary, and laugh at his jokes even if you’ve heard it before. If a guy is attracted to you, he’d obviously want to impress you with his funny, heroic tales.By reassuring him that you’re having a nice flirty time, you’d make him feel better about himself. And a man always love a woman who can make him feel like a better man! [Read:  How to talk to a guy and make him like you] #3 Don’t be ru de Men are completely put off by rude or arrogant women. If you can be rude to your date or even a waiter, he wouldn’t be able to help but wonder if it’s only the tip of the rude iceberg. Men definitely love a woman who can take a stand, but if it’s in the form of arrogance, he’d stay a mile away from falling in love. 4 Connect with him intellectually Flirty conversations are sweet and cute, and the man you like will love the fact that he’s able to make you blush and go pink. But all flirting and no seriousness can get boring after a while. On your dates together, try and connect with him intellectually now and then. Speak to him about his career goals, his ambitions and aspirations, and let him see that he can actually have a meaningful life-altering conversation with you. [Read:  Questions to ask on a date] #5 Work your eye contactIt’s been seen that romantic eye contact can actually make two people fall in love with each other in no tim e. The next time you’re having a conversation with him, stare deeply into his eyes as he talks to you. You can smile or flirt, but every time your eyes meet, let the eye contact linger even if both of you aren’t exchanging words. It makes the guy feel warm and fuzzy, and would definitely stir his heart. #6 Lingering soft touches If there’s ever a way of knowing how to make a man fall in love with you and be a flirty tease at the same time, this is it.Men can’t resist a lingering woman’s touch. The next time you’re with him, be it clasping palms, hugging each other goodbye, or just crossing the street, let your touch linger softly for a moment longer than necessary. Your touch would be incredibly exciting for the man you like, and you’ll spark a romantic chemistry in no time. [Read:  How to flirt with a guy] Want to take this up a notch? Wear soft or satiny fabric when you go out on a date with the guy you like. He would have a hard time keeping his hands off you! #7 Don’t be easily availableThis is tricky, but it’s definitely a great way to make a man fall in love with you. When you’re in love with someone, you obviously want to be with that person and spend more time with them. But when you can’t be with the person you like, you end up missing the person a lot more. Once you know the guy likes you a lot too, try to skip an occasional date now and then. While it’s important to spend a lot of time together until the guy falls in love with you, it’s equally important to give some space now and then to make sure he understands how special you are, and how much he really needs you. 8 Show off your talents If you want to know how to make a man fall in love with you, learn to surprise him with your talent. He may like you for the person you are, but to completely make him fall for you, you have to let him know that you’re a bundle of happy surprises, waiting to be exp lored. [Read:  What to wear on a first date] Show off your talent and awe him with the things you do, be it at a karaoke bar or while dancing or even while karting or playing the piano. Give him a chance to see your talent and admire you for the awesome person you are. 9 Don’t always agree with him Compatibility is of great essence in a happy relationship. But you don’t always have to accept what the guy says or do what he wants to do. Sometimes, a minor disagreement can take him off guard, but it’ll make him respect your opinions a lot more. Remember, a man likes to flirt with a fun girl and have a serious conversation with an intellectual girl. Give him the best of both worlds, and seriously, how can he not fall in love with you?! #10 Don’t let him know you’ve fallen for him Men love the chase of a good romance.They take time to fall in love, but when they do, men fall hard in love. To understand how to make a man fall in love with you, you nee d to know the stages of love for men. [Read:  How men fall in love] Let the guy you like know that you like him a lot, but never let him know that you’ve fallen head over heels for him. Always make him wonder about how serious you are, and let him be the first one to make the move into a serious relationship. The longer the chase, the more he would want you. But at the same time, push him away too often, and he’ll give up on the chase.Play hard to get, and yet, warm up to him often. [Read:  How to ask a guy out the classy way] You really don’t have to change a thing about who you are to figure out how to make a man fall in love with you. All you need is patience, a pinch of panache, and the perfect balance of affection and playing hard to get. [Read:  How to make him want you] These ten tips on how to make a man fall in love with you can definitely help you work your magic and make the guy you like fall for you, just as long as you read the signs and make the right move.

Compare and contrast Otello and Iago from the play of Sharespare Essay

Compare and contrast Otello and Iago from the play of Sharespare - Essay Example He is a proud man, and he is portrayed as acting out of good intentions, even though he kills his wife out of jealousy because he thinks she has been unfaithful to him. When he realizes what he has done, and that his wife is innocent, he is bitterly sorry and says Othello: â€Å"I kissed thee ere I killed thee: No way but this, Killing myself, to die upon a kiss.† (Othello: Act 5 scene 2.) This emphasis on kissing as betrayal recalls the figure of Judas, one of Jesus Christ’s disciples. Just like Judas, Othello feels that he has no alternative at the end of the play. He has to kill himself because he cannot bear the guilt that he feels because of his actions. This shows that he has absorbed not just the courtly ways of noble Europeans but also the deeper Christian sensibility of that culture. Iago, on the other hand, is a very bad character who enjoys a high status in his own society. Superficially Iago is Christian, but underneath he is manipulative and cynical, obsess ed with wealth and glory rather than any morals or high ideals. It is Iago’s jealousy and hatred which causes him to meddle in Othello’s relationship with Desdemona.

William Harvey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

William Harvey - Essay Example Harvey is most famous for observing and putting forth the working of the circulation system. He outlined how the heart pumps blood and also traversed the path it takes. While the valves in veins were already hinted at, by earlier physiologists, Harvey took it up as a challenge to find out the real purpose of valves and its functioning in the circulatory system of the body. He also discovered the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation. He discovered that while the heart pumps blood through the arteries, that flow into the body, while the veins carried impure blood back to the heart. He experimented upon this by pushing in blood in the opposite direction, which certainly did not happen. En route to discovering and letting t he world know about his great discovery, Harvey did stumble upon great many stones, mainly critics! Harvey's ideas were eventually accepted during his lifetime. His work was attacked, notably by Jean Riolan in Opuscula anatomica (1649) which forced Harvey to defend himself in Exercitatio anatomica de circulations sanguinis (also 1649) where he argued that Riolan's position was contrary to all observational evidence. [www.wikipedia.com] Ha

Autobiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Autobiography - Essay Example one brother and one sister. I am the eldest of all my siblings. Starting from the days of my childhood I always had a keen interest in education and that is the reason I decided to pursue some degree to achieve a successful career. Born in Mongolia we never were modern enough to know about a lot of things in the modern world and that is why I had to face several difficulties when I moved from Mongolia. My childhood was a pleasant journey for me as I gained a lot of knowledge during my childhood. After reaching an age of twenty one me and my parents moved over to the United States but had to face several problems because of the new culture that we found here. Now after living here for five years I have become used to this culture and consider myself an important part of USA. My childhood was filled with good memories about my parents and siblings as we used to live together happily as a family. My siblings were always nice to me and had my support in whatever problem that they faced i n their life. As I was the eldest of my siblings I had to take some responsibilities whenever it came to my siblings. I was very possessive about my sister and brother when they were young and solved a lot of problems that they were going through in their childhood. Once my brother was being bullied by his classmates and someone told me about it. I ran to the scene and a fight broke out between the bullies and my friends after which they never even talked to my brother. My sister has always been a powerful figure in life and has solved her problems by herself. She has been quite competitive in her class and is the best amongst us in studies. I started studying when I was at the age of six years. I joined Mongolian Russian joint school to complete my high school. During my school life I had to go through a lot of ups and downs. I was interested in sports and joined the school team of basketball. While I contributed to the sports of my school I also worked hard for my studies and was good in the subjects of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. I was involved in other activities while I was studying for my high school. After I entered high school I started modelling and went to the competitions of modelling. Although I could not win I learned quite a few things and had exposure in the new arena of modelling. Ever since I entered high school I learned about the concept of diversity. In my class I had many students who belonged to different countries and spoke different languages. Seeing these people I developed a keen interest in their languages and decided to increase my knowledge in the subject of diversity. Ever since my high school I have been interested in learning about new cultures and have gained much about the concept of diversity. Multilingual classrooms proved to be somewhat helpful for me in gaining different concepts. As I developed a keen interest in learning about new culture I also visited several places in Russia and China. Seeing the people over t here at first I got a bit confused as the people living in China and Russia followed different traditions. After viewing their traditions and culture I researched on them and found quite interesting things about them. Visiting China and Russia increased my knowledge about their history which I previously was unknown about. All these points have counted for me so that I can understand life in a better way. I completed my high school at the age of 16 and struggled ahead to complete my educational career. Life in itself is an experience for every

Critically assess the importance of solar variability, volcanic Essay

Critically assess the importance of solar variability, volcanic eruptions and greenhouse gas concentrations as climate forcing f - Essay Example Climate change is brought about by many factors. These include circulation of the oceanic processes, solar variations, volcanic eruptions, plate tectonic activities and human factors. Studies to determine the level of climate change is done using observation and theorems. Factors that affect climate are called climate forcings (Yang et al,2000) .They are internal and external climate forcings; these forcings affect some parts of the environment faster or slower depending on the position of the given atmospheric location. The ocean is known to respond slowly to climate forcings. Forcings are either internal or external depending on the genesis of the process (Valet, 2003). Internal forcings include natural processes within the atmosphere like volcanic eruptions, tectonic plate movements, variations in solar radiations and concentration of greenhouse gas effects (Geel et al., 1999). External forcings are human activities that lead to the emission of dangerous gases into the atmosphere. There also are climate change feedbacks which are elements that act in three ways to climatic forcings (Orr, 1999). It can be sudden, where there occurs a sudden cooling effect occasioned by a high presence of volcanic ash in the atmosphere which will reflect sunlight and heat. It can be gradual, in this case, the water bodies become warm slowly; and then overflow. The third possibility is a combination of both fast and slow reactions, in such a situation a sudden cooling of ice is experienced in the Arctic Ocean followed by a sudden meltdown of the ocean ice (Grootes and Stuiver, 1997). Currently, we are in a period between two ice ages, and if there are no other influences, another ice age will occur in a time scale of thousands of years. The rate of global temperature change linked to astronomical forcing is approximated to be in the order of a few tenths of a degree Celsius per thousand years (Washington et al., 2001). Solar Variations Information on solar changes is obtained f rom cosmogenic radionuclide records. The variables used in this study illustrate how changes over periods of time have influenced the climatic conditions of given geographical regulates and the production of carbon dioxide. (Svensmark and Friis-Christensen, 1997). High powered galactic cosmic rays induce a reactivity series of nuclear reactions that produce cosmogenic radionuclide in the atmosphere. When elements carrying high energy hit oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere, Be (beryllium) is formed. Further reactions of this element with nitrogen form slow neutrons. The sun regulates the intensity of the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) that reaches the earth’s surface and in this way, affects the production of radionuclides in the atmosphere. After Be is formed, it combines with aerosols and hangs in the atmosphere for one to two years (Mc Hargue and Damon, 1997). Disparities in 10Be records between Antarctica and Greenland during 1950 AD have led to differing conclusions regard ing solar activity in this period (Lean, 1991). According to Greenland records, there was low 10 Be production after 1950 AD but in the Antarctic records, the trend is opposite. These 11-year averages of sunspot data and the neutron monitor show

Financial Forecasting TESCO Plc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Forecasting TESCO Plc - Essay Example For estimating the revenues earned by the business, the Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) over the last four years has been used. The revenue earned by the company during the year 2005 was  £33974 million. This increased at a CAGR of 12% to  £54327 million in the year 2009. Assuming that the rate of growth remains the same in 2010, the estimated revenue of the company for this year is estimated to be  £61091.81 million. The cost of sales is taken as a percentage of revenue at 0.92. Therefore the estimated cost of sales of the company for 2010 is  £56348.58 million. The â€Å"Normal Operating Expenses† of  £31845 million for the year 2005 is assumed to be the ‘cost of sales’ for the year. The operating costs of the company depend on the level of sales. Higher the sales level, higher is the amount of operating expenses of the company. This ratio is calculated as 0.02. Based on this ratio the operating cost of the company is estimated as  £1403.40 mill ion. It has been assumed that the net interest payable of the company grows at a compounding rate of return. Based on the net interest expense of  £170 million in 2005, the CAGR for the four year period is calculated as 21% making the estimated net interest payable of the company for 2010 to be  £437.29 million. Taxation and dividend- In the year 2005 and 2010, Tesco Plc paid taxes at a rate of 20% and 40% respectively. The CAGR of taxes is calculated as 19% making 48% as the forecasted tax rate for 2010. Therefore the estimated taxation of Tesco Plc is  £1386.44 million. The dividend paid by the company has increased at a CAGR of 19% from  £587 million in 2005 to  £883 million in 2009. From this the forecasted dividend of Tesco Plc is estimated as  £977.89 million. The revenue of Tesco Plc is expected to grow in 2010 by  £6765 million. For this the company will need total funds of  £5734.52 million. As a

Winding River Basin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Winding River Basin - Essay Example A stakeholder is someone who is part of an activity or anyone who has an interest in that particular activity hence is ultimately impacted by it. In this particular project, the governments of the aforementioned countries through various representatives are the major stakeholders since they are responsible for formulating statutory regulations as well as policies that guide the effective implementation of the project. Governance is particularly concerned with influencing the course of action with the major aim of achieving desired results. For instance, decentralization of authority from top to bottom would ensure effective management as each stakeholder involved would have a significant role to play hence they would be part of the project. Involving various stakeholders would promote compliance hence governance in the form of controlling or checking progress would be made easier. Decentralization of power and authority in the management of the project would ensure its effectiveness as well as mutual understanding among all stakeholders involved. Every member of the community should be involved in the overall project as this would give a sense of belonging to a certain activity. Controlling should be done at every stage as a way of ensuring that every sector of the society is well informed about the benefits of the project. Basically, effective implementation of the WRB project management would require concerted efforts of all stakeholders involved as this would ensure optimum compliance by all members of the societies impacted.

NSA Cyber Security Profile Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

NSA Cyber Security Profile - Research Paper Example The assortment of the proper security controls for an information system is an essential duty that can have major ramifications on the functions and assets of an institution as well as the wellbeing of persons. Security controls are the organization, functional, and technical safeguard or counteractions prearranged for an information system to shield the confidentiality, integrity, and accessibility of the system and its data. Once implemented inside an information organism, security controls are examined to offer the data required to establish their general efficiency; that is, the degree to which the controls are carried out precisely, operating as intended, and creating the desired result with regard to meeting the security needs for the organism. Knowing the general productivity of the security controls carried out in the information system and its environs of operation is important in establishing the risk to the institution’s functions and assets, to persons, to other in stitutions, and the to the country resultant from the utilization of the system. The purpose of this paper is to offer guidelines for creating effectual security scrutiny plans and a comprehensive set of proceedings for examining the effectiveness of security controls implemented in the information systems (Gallagher & Locke, 2010) Security assessments can be effectively implemented at some phases in the organism development life cycle to expand the grounds for assurance that the security controls engaged inside or inherited by a data system are effective in their application. For instance, data system developers frequently carry security assessments and system integrators at the development and implementation stages of life cycle to assist make sure that the needed security controls for the organism, and/or system are appropriately intended and developed (Department of Defense, 2006). Assessment activities in the original system development life phase can be revolved more quickly m ode before proceeding to succeeding phases in the life cycle. Examiners receive the needed proof during the scrutiny process to permit the proper institutional officials to make objectivity establishment about the effectiveness

ESSAY ON TEAM COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM SOLVING

ON TEAM COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM SOLVING - Essay Example Effective teams do not disregard problems that emerge from their jobs and interactions. In identifying, analyzing, and solving problems, teams cannot avoid conflict, but practicing open and regular discussion that avoids groupthink can lead to higher team performance output. Problem solving presents conflicts because of differences in various areas, and so teams cannot and should not avoid and overlook them and instead, they should openly and regularly communicate to properly identify, analyze, and resolve these problems. Conflicts have three kinds- relationship, task, and process. Relationship conflict pertains to the knowledge that there are interpersonal differences with affective dimensions that can lead to friction (Jehn and Mannix 238). It tends to be called as a personal kind of conflict because it can arise from not â€Å"liking† a team member because he is annoying or frustrating. Task conflict refers to differences in understanding the task (Jehn and Mannix 238). Pro cess conflict focuses on disagreements that occur because of differences on how tasks should be done (Jehn and Mannix 238). Team members differ on the process of how and when they should finish tasks. Karen A. Jehn and Elizabeth A. Mannix assert that conflicts are dynamic and change throughout time. They conducted a cross-sectional research where they wanted to learn differences in conflicts and their antecedents for high-performing and poor-performing teams. Their sampling included 51 groups with three members each. Respondents were MBA students who are also full-time employees. Their findings showed that conflict is a dynamic, not a static, process. Moreover, for high-performing teams, task conflict was engaged more at the midpoint of their deadlines and that communication through consensus and implementation of tasks resolved the task conflict (Jehn and Mannix 247). Low-performing teams experienced a lower level of task conflict at the middle, but it escalated near the deadline. In addition, their relationship conflict increased at the end of the project, while highly-performing teams did not experience high relationship conflict level at all (Jehn and Mannix 247). The study indicates that teams should not avoid conflict. They should embrace it as part of their dynamics. The key is not letting task and process conflicts become relationship conflicts, so that people can remain objective and patient with one another. High-performing teams know how to communicate to resolve conflicts and to use them to make the right decisions. Through open and regular communication, teams can form the right level of team cognition that allows them to discuss and to resolve problems. Jun He, Brian S. Butler, and William R. King assert that team cognition is important to attaining high-quality team performance. Team cognition refers to the ability of members to tap knowledge that can help them in choosing actions and behaviors that are aligned with team members (He et al. 262). He et al. argue that team cognition is important for the team to predict task and teamwork goals and to collaborate with one another. He et al. hypothesized that team cognition is formed through consistent open discussion and composed of awareness of each other’s expertise and shared understanding of tasks. They examined the formation of team cognition for 51 database development groups. Their findings showed that regular meetings and phone calls were associated with team

Of Mice and Men - George and Lennie Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men George and Lennie Essay How does Steinbeck present the characters of George and Lennie? During the Great Depression of the 1930s when America was plunged into financial crisis following the Wall Street Crash of October 1929, levels of unemployment and poverty were at an all time high. In this ear life was a struggle and the mentality of society became survival of the fittest, every man for himself. Migrant workers toured the country in search of labour to provide money for food typically sent to relatives living on the bread line elsewhere in America. These men lead lonely and emotionless lives, which are reflected through Steinbeck’s portrayal of his characters in his famous, yet bleak, 1930s novella ‘Of Mice and Men. ’ In the novel, George and Lennie’s relationship diversifies them from the other ranch workers for the reason that they rely on each other for support and companionship ‘I got you and you got me. ’ In particular, the dream they share of owning their own land, reflects the American Dream of being the ringleader of your own life with a level of self-sufficiency. Steinbeck first introduces the reader to George and Lennie at the beginning of the novel ‘a few miles south of Soledad’, in the evening of a hot day where rabbits sat ‘as quietly as little gray, sculptured stones. ’ Disrupting the tranquil atmosphere ‘two men emerged from the path’ as the place was newly ‘lifeless’ for a moment. At first, the author presents George and Lennie as typical migrant workers, both wearing ‘denim trousers and carrying ‘tight blanket rolls’ en route to their next ranch. After creating the impression that the pair are similar, Steinbeck reveals that actually this is not the case ‘behind him walked his opposite. ’ George inhabits a small body with ‘strong, sharp features’ whereas Lennie has a ‘shapeless’ face and a ‘huge’ body. Irrespective of their appearance, it is inferred that both George and Lennie are victims of society ‘restless eyes’ and ‘dragging his feet’ constantly on guard as well as fatigued from both work and travel. Further into the first chapter, we learn that George has a level of authority over Lennie and it could be suggested that he stands as a ‘father figure’ to him. As Lennie ‘snorts into the water’ George ‘sharply’ orders him not to drink so much and informs him to never ‘drink water when it ain’t running. ’ At this moment it becomes evident that Steinbeck intends to present George and Lennie as Master and pet; the only way Lennie can cope is to be like a tame dog, tethered always to his master George and never let out of his sight ‘God you’re a lot of trouble. As the pair settle for the night under the stars, Steinbeck uses Lennie’s character to portray that the pair desire simple possessions ‘I like ‘em with ketchup’ which they can only but dream of having ‘Well we ain’t got any. ’ In this scene Steinbeck intends to emphasise that George and Lennie are unfortunate and t he reader is able to sympathise with them because basic amenities are taken for granted in society today. The scene also exhibits the fact that although George and Lennie are migrant workers they do not fit the ‘typical’ profile, this being because during moments of violence George describes what life would be like if he did not have Lennie to take care of; if he was a lone traveller, a ‘typical’ migrant worker ‘I could stay in a Cat House all night or set in a pool room and play cards. ’ Although George sometimes sees Lennie as an inconvenience it is clear that Steinbeck wishes to present George a companion to Lennie ‘he looked ashamedly’ as well as loyal ‘I want you to stay with me, somebody’d shoot you for a coyote if you was by yourself. This is poignant because it demonstrates that although Lennie keeps George in ‘hot water’ all of the time, George continues to care for Lennie because he knows the consequences of Lennie travelling alone and perhaps is also frightened of being lonely himself ‘that ain ’t no good. ’ In the same chapter, Steinbeck first incorporates the 1930s American Dream ‘An live off the fatta the lan. ’ Lennie makes George tell the familiar story of the small farm he intends to buy, delighting in hearing that he has a future. Evidentially, George does not believe the dream will ever become reality as he rhythmically reels off the words to Lennie as a matter of habit rather than optimism. That said, it is clear that although George does not believe the dream will come true he is thankful to have Lennie by his side ‘somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us’ which perhaps implies that although Steinbeck presents the pair as victims, he also presents them as lucky in the fact that they have each other and care for each other enough to build a firm relationship. To Lennie the dream is all about the rabbits he intends to keep and pet, rather than an engine of hope which drives George to continue the struggle. Lennie excites in the idea that one day he will own a rabbit hutch ‘An’ have rabbits’ because he is unable to see further than his own desires, however George dreams of simplicities such as ‘how thick the cream is on the milk’ implying that all he would like is a stable home. Regardless of their differences in the importance of aspects ncluded in the dream, their dream bonds them together in a shared goal which is to get a ‘stake’ so they can buy ‘a little house and a couple of acres. ’ Many migrant workers shared in dreaming of a better future but had nobody to share it with as everyman was for himself, making George and Lennie’s relationship a rare occurrence. Towards the end of the first chapter, George tells Lennie that if he gets in trouble he should go and hide in the brush until George comes for him ‘I want you to come right here an’ hide in the brush. This is because George recognises the cyclic nature of Lennie’s behaviour and uses his clever nature to devise a plan, something which Lennie would never have thought of doing as he is unaware of his own strength therefore he needs George for survival in the same way a child needs their parents for protection from the outside world. When George and Lennie arrive at the ranch, George reminds Lennie that he is not to speak when they are interviewed by the boss because the boss will not allow Lennie to work on the ranch if he knows of Lennie’s mental instability. George excuses Lennie’s silence telling the boss ‘he got kicked in the head, just ain’t bright’ and assures the boss ‘He’s a God damn good skinner. ’ Here, Steinbeck presents George as the voice of the pair and Lennie as the labourer, it could possibly be inferred that Steinbeck intends to present them as a team rather than George’s one man band with Lennie walking behind because Lennie is strong and can work twice as fast as one man alone, boosting their reputation leading to more work and more pay to add to their savings for the farm. It is also noticeable that the boss has ‘never seen one guy take so much trouble for another guy’ which infers not only that the boss surprised by George and Lennie’s relationship but also that because society was hostile and selfish the boss assumed that George was ‘takin’ his pay away. ’ This further infers that relationships were far and few for migrant workers during this era and that Steinbeck intends to present George and Lennie in the way he does because many would overlook the idea of a level of humanity during the 1930s. George’s companionship with Lennie staves of loneliness, but it also gives him a role in life; he has a clear task, looking after Lennie. When George explains the situation to slim in the second and third chapter ‘we kinda look after each other’, Slim offers the suggestion that ‘ever’body in the whole damn world is scared of each other. ’ Here the author offers the theme of violence because many people had lost the trust of those around them and were prepared to use violence to protect themselves, their belongings and any pride they had. George is honest with Slim ‘Made me seem God damn smart alongside of him’ admitting that early on it made him feel superior and he forced Lennie to do stupid things for the fun of it. However as his sense of shame stopped him, George began to realise that he is dependent on Lennie as much as Lennie is dependent on him because who would fight George if they knew they would have to fight Lennie as well. There are positives of George having Lennie, they defy the ethos of everyman for himself and at this stage it appears this is a key asset in their work. In the middle of the novella, George and Lennie both believe, for a short period of time, that their dream will come true ‘This thing they had never really believed in was coming true’ due to Candy’s offer of money for a place on the farm. Steinbeck demonstrates that although both men know their position, they easily become wrapped up in a fairytale unable to predict their fate of ‘grief and pain, instead of promised joy. ’ A significant part of the novel showing the devotion of George and Lennie’s relationship comes when Curley, bringing with him the theme of violence, picks a fight with Lennie. Showing his sense of justice, George won’t let Lennie get hurt as he is innocent ‘Get ‘im Lennie’, whereas the other men are reluctant to take sides; thinking of their own safety first. Experience with Lennie allows George to recognise Lennie’s strength and to encourage or discourage the use of it when appropriate. As the novel passes the midpoint when George leaves Lennie at the ranch to go to the local brothel with the other ranch hands, Lennie sees the light in Crook’s room and curiosity leads him inside. Crooks is not used to visitors in his room because of his black skin colour which he is heavily discriminated because of by the other ranch hands. He faces segregation and nobody ever wants to talk to him, this is why his bunk is away from the others. Lennie, being unaware of the social hierarchy ‘I thought I could jus’ come in’ is confused as to why Crooks is not wanted and so perseveres in conversation with him. Obviously, had George been around to keep Lennie on his tether, the situation would have been avoided. Lennie tells Crooks ‘me an’ him goes ever’ place together’ through this it is apparent that Lennie is totally dependent on George which Crooks sees as an opportunity to frighten vulnerable Lennie ‘s’pose he gets killed or hurt. ’ It is at this point where Lennie shows his sense of protection for George ‘Who hurt George? ’ and he begins to lose control of his strength walking ‘dangerously’ towards Crooks. Clearly, Lennie believes he should defend George because he is a friend, the man who is going to help him get the rabbits to tend; even when George is not around Lennie is constantly thinking about him and his safety, just as George worries for Lennie’s safety. As the novel draws to the end, Lennie’s lack of control over his strength becomes paramount. Stroking Curley’s wife’s hair, the atmosphere is relaxed and slightly playful as she prompts him to ‘feel how silky it is. When Lennie does not let go and Curley’s wife began to panic ‘struggled violently’ so does Lennie and he ‘began to cry with fright’ before he broke her neck and she ‘flopped like a fish. ’ Recognising that he has done a ‘bad thing’, Lennie acknowledges that he ‘shouldn’t have did that. George ‘ll be mad. ’ Significantly, Lennie has no moral judgement and things are ‘good’ or ‘bad ’ to him depending on what George would think of them; George could be perceived as the voice of Lennie’s conscience. Without George to guide him Lennie is lost, the pair are essential for Lennie’s survival. At the end of the novel, George becomes aware of the fact that Lennie has become a wild dog, needing to be ‘put down’ by his owner ‘I know, I know’ for the best intentions of both men. Features brought to George by his responsibility for Lennie, including his sense of shame and level of compassion and justice, all combine to force him to shoot Lennie and as Slim confirms, he ‘hadda. ’ Just before George releases the bullet, he encourages Lennie to think about the dream in order to ensure he dies in peace and happiness. This is significant in the relationship between George and Lennie as the other men from the ranch have no mercy for the ‘poor bastard’ it is only George who believes although Lennie should die, he should die a painless death. Overall, it is clear that Steinbeck presents George and Lennie as accepting victims of the economic crisis of 1930s America. He gives them a dream which should be realistic but is unfortunately out of touch and offers nothing but a chance of hope for better things to come, a reason to keep going. Ultimately, Steinbeck presents the pair as dependent on each other for their own needs. The reasoning behind Steinbeck’s use of George and Lennie comes from his intention to provide a novel that demonstrates that in the end fate is ways the winner no matter how you plan to avoid it. In this fiction, Lennie was like the mouse in the title; destined to die from the start as he is not fit for society and unfortunately George has to go on alone for himself because he recognises that with Lennie his too is closer to the hands of fate.

In Your Own Words Essay Example for Free

In Your Own Words Essay In a researched proposal, it addresses a particular project academic or scientific research. A research proposal contains extensive literature reviews and must offer convincing support of need for the research being proposed. Thus, this why a proposal is written, it is a scheme from a sellers to a prospective customer. Overall the main purpose is to fulfill the requirements of a client, which I will explain how General Motors will address throughout this proposal. Overview Section In my proposal the researched goals are to understand what makes General Motors successful. We will do this by making a stronger commitment to our customers (We hear you loud and clear), our employees, and partners. I will address the steps we will take in fulfilling our obligations below: Customers In making a stronger commitment to our customers, General Motors will make more fuel-efficient vehicles by building vehicles that get 30 mpg or more. We will produce a pug in vehicle by the name of the Chevrolet Volt, which will show our consumers and potential consumers we are innovative. The Chevy Volt, with its core technology that will drive a higher volume for electrification of automobiles and we also will be expanding our selling to China and Australia, giving our competitors something to scratch their heads about. Additionally, we want to deliver best quality vehicles and this is a major cornerstone of true commitment to our valued customers. Therefore, having a relationship with customers is essential; we strive to create passionate brand of supporters, who cherish their vehicles. We want them to openly tell other of their experience with our innovative vehicles. In addition, being innovative, we know this is something we must do! We challenge us to become more innovative and that ensures we will lead in everything we do! This extends to implementing the smallest improvements to execute bigger ideals. We are constantly increasing our competitive advantage to delight and excite our customers. Employees In making a stronger commitment to our employees, we understand Safety and Quality comes first. Safety is and always be a priority here at GM. Emphasizes will be concentrated on our safety first culture, in our facilities, and with the growth of our businesses in new markets. We will offer incentives to our employees for working safely and productively, such incentive a paid one day off, gift cards, and discounts off vehicles. We will make sure that our employee’s practice our new safety philosophy which is safety is at the heart of development of each one of our vehicles. Partners In making a stronger commitment to our partners, we understand creating lifelong partners that we want here at GM, we take nothing for granted in our efforts are to earn the confidences and loyalty of our partners. We listen to partners to ensure we meet all their needs, and are connecting with them on their terms. General Motors business problems Currently, the business problems General Motors is having is financial, speculated by a few business experts, who have confidence in the company being able to continue in its present form even though it filed bankruptcy in 2006 (Taylor, J, 2013). There are numerous business problems the company is facing, but I will only speak of one which is legacy costs, it’s the caring for General Motor’s retired and injured employees. The union United Auto Worker, have negotiated regularly nice wages, pensions and health care, which protect their member. The profit margin in booming times on automobiles could include buffers to cover the ongoing costs of payments to retirees, hence the financial problem, can’t pay what they agreed. In contrast to foreign competitors and newcomers to auto industry do not have the same problems with their profits. This has forced cash trapped buyers to turn to more affordable cars. General Motors Competition According to General Motor’s Strategic Analysis, the key competitors GM, who’s domestic, are: Daimler/Chrysler, Ford Motor and who are foreign are: Toyota Motor and Honda Motor (Thomas, C, n. d. ). In explanation of why they are competitors Daimler Chrysler placed itself as an industry leader, since, it manufactures brands such as: Dodge, Mercedes Benz, and Jeep. As for Ford Motor Company, two vital businesses are automotive and financial services. Ford has concentrated on reducing cost to raise margins further than its competitors. Thus, Honda Motor Company, it has reliable confident reputation for producing high quality products from cars to motorcycles. Toyota Motor Company has three major brands Toyota, Lexus, and Scion these let Toyota reach many sectors of the globe in a choice of vehicle for the customers. Concluding why General Motors is the leader of its competitors, it manufactures more brands than its competitors, these brands are: Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, Buick, Pontiac, Hummer, Saab, Daewoo, Opel, and Holden. It’s to no wonder why our economy rested on GM success. (Thomas, C, n. d. Population Sample In my population sample for customer attitudes and behaviors, I will use cluster sampling in the selection of how I will gather this information needed. I know as the researcher that population that will be under scrutiny is those ethnicities that do the most purchasing, sadly but true its minorities. According to the Consumer Expenditure Survey that was conducted by the Federal Bureau of Labor S tatistics, minorities spend up to 30% more than that of whites who have comparable incomes (BLS. gov, 2013). Their age would range from 35-64 years old. I will you this age because consumers are spending at 63% (BLS. gov, 2013), now for determining how they will feel about company products and services. As I understand population sample is a process through a group of representative individuals are select from the population for the sole purpose of statistical analysis. I know my population sample must be done correctly, since if errors occur, my data will be misleading or invalid. Steps in the research process In identifying the steps in the research process, my first step would be to identify and develop my research topic. I can do so by, stating what I want to research. Second step: find background information on the subject, utilizing internet as resource for gathering information. Third Step: usage of books and media, I will use guided keyword searches to find material by topic or subject, and writing down in both steps 2 and 3 my sources. Fourth Step: search periodical articles, this will be to find citations to articles. Fifth Step: evaluate what I found, critically analyzing information sources. Sixth Step: cite what I found using standard form, just giving credit where credit is due.

Benefits of Alternative Energy vs Fossil-Fuelled Energy

Benefits of Alternative Energy vs Fossil-Fuelled Energy Alternative Energy vs. Fossil Fueled Energy One of the largest issues that we as a nation are facing in the 21st century is how we as a nation can go about obtaining the energy we need to support our nations operations; from transportation, production, lights and heat. In today’s world fossil fuels is supporting upwards of 90 percent of our everyday energy needs. Through the US Department of Energy, nuclear power plants provide roughly 19 percent of our power needs while the rest of our energy requirements are met through either coal or renewable / alternative energy sources. However, the way that our nations demand for energy is growing within the next twenty years we will need at least double the requirements that we have right now. Both the public and private scientists have been debating for some time on how we plan to fill the gap of energy. Are we going to remain constant with burning fossil fuels or finally go with the greener alternative methods of producing energies? Both fossil fuels and alternative energies h ave their ups and downs; however, we need to make up a decision before it becomes too late change the ecosystem. However, in order to enact change, we must first take a look at the past and see how we got to our current point in history. There are early reports that coal was first used in China around 2000 B.C. for cooking and heating, and they were using this fossil fuel for at least 4000 years at that time. They even used coal during med-evil times in Europe for cooking; however, due to coal creating so much smoke and soot they considered it to an inferior product so most stuck to wood. Around 200 B.C. the Chinese discovered natural gas, and devised a use for it such as heating. The Chinese were also able to create table salt from the brine that would be created in the natural gas-fired evaporators. About the same time in Europe, the Europeans we able to harness the energy from moving water with the creation of water wheels. Then with this new creation they were able to crush grain, tan leather, saw wood, and smelt and shape iron. With this invention it would be the early signs of industrial processing. The productivity and output increased drastically, so the dependence on animal and human muscle power began to decline. The places that had good water sources for these water-powered waterwheels became great centers of industrial and economic activity. Now, during the first century A.D. Chinese discovered petroleum (oil) and with its discovery they found a way to refine it for use as an energy source. Now moving forward to the tenth century A.D. the people of Persia developed the first windmills, the mechanics were quite similar to the currently used waterwheel. The uses for the windmill were very similar from grinding corn-grain, and since they may have not had a readily accessible water source the windmill would be used to pump water to irrigate crops. The invention of the windmill would spread around the world from India, China, Europe, Middle East, and even gradually make it to the United States. As we move throughout history everything grows and multiplies as will the need for energy, we get to the 1700’s and people are beginning to realize the benefit of coals energy production is much higher than the waste left behind. So people use coal to replace wood, water, wind, and even the oil from whales. However, where coal is mined from they have to come up with a way to get rid of the water that keeps filling the mines in order to get access to the coal. So during the early years of coal mining was a slow and tedious problem that was solved in the early 18th century the first steam engine was developed and with this steam engine they made a pump in order to pump all the mines free of water. With this development they were able to increase the production of coal by 300% in the United Kingdom. By the mid-18th century and a commercial coal mining begins in the United States in Richmond, Virginia. More and more feats and first occurred more rapidly. In the early 19th century according to the National Hydrogen Association, Electrolysis was developed by scientists William Nicholson and Sir Anthony Carlisle. Electrolysis is when you apply an electrical current to water, this process produces hydrogen and oxygen gases. With these discoveries was one of the first steps of developing hydrogen energy and or hydrogen fuel cells. The U.S. drilled its first natural gas well in 1821, and with this new energy source they weren’t able to transport it over large distances yet so it was mainly used for lighting. However, with the limited use at the time natural gas was only used for street lighting till around the end of the 19th century and was replaced by the new electric lights. During the 1800’s the United States saw many different revolutionizing inventions in regards to energy sources. Coal took the place of wood in the steam engines of locomotives due to it burning hotter and longer than wood. Ethanol was developed and became a very popular alternative to what oil lanterns mainly due to being incredibly cheaper, and whale oil when burnt left a residue on everything. Then a few years later as people began to move west into the heart of the country people needed water to drink and irrigate their crops so these homesteaders built windmills. The windmill was used for pumping from deep within the earth since regular water sources weren’t readily available. Shortly after the Civil War, the petroleum industry continued to make advances and this continued to grow the demand for energy production well into the 20th century. This industry drew the interest of many different business men; however, none will be as dominant as John D. Rockefeller. Mr. Rockefeller created Standard Oil Company during the late 19th century, and with his new company he found way to increase production / refinement of petroleum, and he was able to do this much cheaper than his competition. With the efforts that John D. Rockefeller and his inventions, he was able to push petroleum to the forefront that it is today. Then in 1876, scientist William Adams and Richard Day were able to create the first solar cell from Selenium. This was a step in the right direction for alternative energy. Even though the solar cell didn’t work properly the footwork was there and they just needed to make a few adjustments and come back at it. Even Thomas Edison called this discovery â€Å"scientifically of the most far-fetching importance.† So as you can see Thomas Edison saw the direction the world was headed to and didn’t like the outcome and hoped for change. Right around the corner in time, the young inventor Thomas Edison was perfecting his DC (Direct Current) electric generator and in 1882, Edison installed the first electric plant in New York near Wall Street. The first electric power plant only served a square-mile area. Only the extremely wealthy could afford electricity at the time. The first customers were J.P. Morgan, the nation’s largest newspapers at the time, and the New York Stock Exchange. Now lets’ move forward in time about 50 years to 1935, the Hoover Dam is built and with it came the world’s largest Hydroelectric Power Plant. The Hoover Dam is located on the Colorado River, and it creates most of the energy used on the west coast of the United States. Then in 1946 after the creation of the nuclear bombs that were dropped on Hiroshima, and Nagasaki, scientist found that there are peaceful application for nuclear power; hence the Atomic Energy Act was put in place and the United States created the Atomic Energy Commission. Then low and behold just a few years later in 1950, petroleum becomes the most consumed fuel in the United States. Then in 1954, Congress passed a law that made it possible to use atomic energy for non-lethal purposes. (Atomic Energy Act 1954) Shortly after the AEA (Atomic Energy Act) went into place we had our first operational nuclear power plant in Shippingport, PA. This was the first large scale operating power plant just 15years after Enrico Fermi was able to sustain the first nuclear reaction. This power plant only operated for 25 years before being shut down in 1982. Then four years later the world had the largest nuclear accident in Chernobyl, Ukraine. The accident occurred at the number 4 reactor, where a sudden surges of power destroyed the reactor and with this destruction, massive amounts of radioactive contaminants were released into the atmosphere. Even though the number of people directed by the explosion were minimal, there are people still paying the consequences today from the cleanup efforts. So as you can see there has been numerous developments for the uses of fossil fuels, and quite a few for the alternative energies. The problem that we face is that we as people of the United States and the world have become too dependent on fossil fuels such as oil / petroleum for our energy needs and the cost for these necessities are mounting higher and higher. All the technological advances that are being created today hardly make it to the main stream due to the car manufacturers, or anyone that would stand to lose large sums of money with these improvements in alternative energy. There are arguments all over the place when it comes to pro alternative energy or pro fossil fuels. We are trying as a nation to get renewable energy to take the place of fossil fuels. When the Bush Administration lifted the ban on off-shore drilling, they thought this would help reduce the price of oil, and help us save money at the gas-pumps. However, the true impact was insignificant except for the wildlife affected in the area of the drilling rigs in the Gulf of Mexico, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. Just look at the BP oil spill in April 2010, from there Deepwater Horizon drilling rig that exploded and the open oil well continued to dump crude oil into the Gulf for 87 days before stopped. Executives from large oil companies saw that we as a country need these reserves of that are off-shore to create the energy for tomorrow. (Exxon Mobil) However, as a nation we need to put a stop to inflating the profits of these companies, and focus on the newer cleaner energies. One of the things that people tend to forget is that renewable energy is renewable and it’s quite easily generated, while fossil fuels are considered to be a perishable item that can be used only once. Unfortunately, there are people that think we are stuck using fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, and petroleum. All it takes is the right person to set the tides of change in motion, and then we will be on our way to a healthier / cleaner world. There are scientists that believe that United States could be a zero-CO2 emission nation within the next thirty to fifty years and this is accomplished without nuclear power. Our nation could achieve this remarkable feat, we just need to make a bigger push for solar farms and wind power turbines. However, other scientist in Texas believe that we are incapable of achieving this due to their studies of wind energy and solar geothermal could never replace the power output of nuclear power plants. Also, they went on to say that the United States is maxed out on hydro-electric power stations due to all the major rivers this would be viable is already in use. This is the thinking that has got us to where we are today. Sometime in the future the world will need to reset itself with an â€Å"ice age.† If you take a look at the timeline for CO2 emissions in history, it shows that the emissions rise to a certain level then the earth began to cool causing and ice age. The way that we are going about pumping millions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere it may be speeding up the process. Now let’s take a look at solar power. The benefits of solar energy vs fossil fuels energy are insurmountable, solar panels create no emissions or waste during their use. Unlike the power plants that use fossil fuels, solar panels produce a clean renewable energy that gets its fuel from a source that doesn’t need to be located, transported, combusted etc. So as you can see solar energy is the cheapest, better yet all-around energy source. The scientist that are supposed to better mankind, instead are focusing putting down solar power stating that solar isn’t a viable option due to the vast amount of area required to collect the sun. So this alternative energy has only remained a viable option due to the tax breaks given to the green earth community. Even though taking up a lot of land may be wasteful, the change in technology and solar cells today is makings solar energy a lot more viable of an option. If during the construction of homes they include the new solar technology available they could possibly eliminate the need for external energy requirements (RGS Energy). We as a nation are always looking for ways to combat Global Warming. Wind power remains at the top as a competitor form of alternative renewable energy. According to a study conducted by the National Audubon Society in 2008. Wind Turbines in the United States generated nearly 15,000 Megawatts of power. That amount of power was enough to power roughly 3 million homes or 20% in the nation. Unfortunately, the windfarms need large amounts of land in order to operate compared to the fossil fuel counterparts. Also windfarms of course need to be in places the wind blows constantly. Unfortunately, the locations needed are also the migration routes for many of our endangered species of birds. The Sierra Club refers to these windfarms as â€Å"the Cuisinart’s of the air.† The understanding it’s horrible that innocent animals may die during energy production. However, we will find that creating one megawatt of electricity by the wind turbines and reducing the our use of bio fuels such as oil and coal far outweigh causing the earth to become even more polluted than it already is. As we moved through a few different alternative energies let’s look at nuclear energy, and how we as a nation turned away from coal power plants to nuclear power in order to affect change in the right direction from facing another climate change. In the United States today there are 707 operating coal-fired electric plants, and these plants are producing 36 percent of the CO2 emissions. CO2 gas is the primary ingredient of greenhouse gases that are needed for the climate to change. The Atomic Energy Commission believes that nuclear power is the only way we are going to meet our energy needs of tomorrow. Green Peace International believes that the United States can cut those CO2 emissions by 75 percent within the next forty years. Yes, we can complete this without nuclear power or new efficient coal burning technologies. This can only be completed by continued development of energy efficient and renewable energies.

Shakespeares Star Crossed Lovers :: essays research papers

In Shakespeare’s play Romeo and Juliet, set in Verona, Italy, Juliet’s own happiness is put on hold due to her parents authority and the lack of control children had in the sixteenth century. John W. Draper’s excerpt â€Å"Shakespeare’s Star-Crossed Lovers† also supports my outlook on how Juliet’s life is being controlled by her parents. Juliet is a thirteen year old Capulet who’s family is in a lifelong feud with her love interest’s family, Romeo, a Montague.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Act three, Scene five, Juliet is forced with a dilemma. Her parents have arranged for her to partake in the marriage of Country Paris. They told Juliet that she shall be wed on Thursday. â€Å"I will not marry yet; and when I do, I swear it shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate, rather than Paris† said Juliet to Lady Capulet (her mother). What her parents didn’t know was that she was secretly married to Romeo already. In her bedroom they argue about marriage. The Capulet’s don’t let her live her own life the way she wants. It’s like they are living through her or for her. Her opinion and happiness doesn’t seem to mean anything to her family. They are forcing her into a marriage with a man she has no affection towards whatsoever. She claims to love Romeo. Weather it’s real or not, we will never know, but if it’s what she wants and it will make her happy, I think they should back off of their daughter and let her live her life. If she makes a mistake it would be considered her mistake and misfortune. NOT her parents.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Draper explains how Juliet feels about her and Romeo’s fate of being together. â€Å"Nevertheless, over the play hangs a tragic fate....her ‘all-diving soul’ sees Romeo ‘As one dead in the bottom of a tomb.’ She described her case as ‘past hope, past cure, past help’ says Draper. He further explains in greater detail how Juliet feels about being put into this situation. He thoroughly explains how Juliet feels she has no control over her own life In this sixteenth century way of life. Although in Juliet’s decision since it is in fact her life, but considering the circumstances she was stuck with the awful fate her parents were controlling. Just think if Juliet’s parents only listened and didn’t push her, maybe Romeo and Juliet’s lives could have been spared.

The Medicinal Properties of the Papaya, Carica papaya L. :: Botany

The Medicinal Properties of the Papaya, Carica papaya L. Quite surprisingly, historians know little about Hippocrates, the physician often referred to as "the father of medicine". However, we do know that he was a strong advocate of the use of medicinal plants to prevent and cure diseases. He recorded between three hundred and four hundred plant remedies in his writing and during the middle ages herbal remedies were passed down from generation to generation. Although the church emphasized faith healing over other forms of healing, Christian monks would preserve many of the early Greek and Roman medical texts, later growing their own herbs in the monasteries. By the time the colonizers settled in the new world, they brought with them some knowledge of herbal medicine. This in turn was shared with the Native Americans and other indigenous peoples of the new world who practiced ethnobotanical rituals as a daily and integral part of their lives. Most recently beginning in the 1800's, while chemical drugs became popular with the medical establishment and those who could afford it, herbal medicine continued to be practiced by those who could not afford the later or who were strong believers in natural medicine. While chemotherapy has brought us many life-saving drugs, today nearly fifty percent of commonly used drugs are either plant derivatives or contain the equivalent of a chemical imitation of a plant compound. Indeed Digitalis, Aspirin, Reserpine, Quinine, Tetracycline and the ever useful Penicillin are all members of this list. In fact according to the World Health Organization, herbal medicine today is still the primary source of health care for approximately eighty percent of the worlds population. Papaya/Pawpaw Carica papaya L., more commonly known as the papaya, belongs to the Caricaceae. Its classification is as follows: Division: Magnoliophyta, Class: Magnoliopside, Subclass: Dilleniidae, Order: Violales and as previously mentioned Family: Caricaceae. It was first described by the Spanish chronicler Oviedo in 1526, from the Caribbean coast of Panama and Colombia. Soon after it was grown throughout the tropics, its distribution being aided by the abundance of its seeds. The Papaya seed is viable for up to three years under cool, dry conditions and it is a herbaceous , dicotyledonous plant that may produce fruits for more than twenty years. The plant usually has a single trunk with several well developed branches. The melon-like fruit varies in size and shape, and hangs from short, thick peduncles at the leaf axil. The Medicinal Properties of the Papaya, Carica papaya L. :: Botany The Medicinal Properties of the Papaya, Carica papaya L. Quite surprisingly, historians know little about Hippocrates, the physician often referred to as "the father of medicine". However, we do know that he was a strong advocate of the use of medicinal plants to prevent and cure diseases. He recorded between three hundred and four hundred plant remedies in his writing and during the middle ages herbal remedies were passed down from generation to generation. Although the church emphasized faith healing over other forms of healing, Christian monks would preserve many of the early Greek and Roman medical texts, later growing their own herbs in the monasteries. By the time the colonizers settled in the new world, they brought with them some knowledge of herbal medicine. This in turn was shared with the Native Americans and other indigenous peoples of the new world who practiced ethnobotanical rituals as a daily and integral part of their lives. Most recently beginning in the 1800's, while chemical drugs became popular with the medical establishment and those who could afford it, herbal medicine continued to be practiced by those who could not afford the later or who were strong believers in natural medicine. While chemotherapy has brought us many life-saving drugs, today nearly fifty percent of commonly used drugs are either plant derivatives or contain the equivalent of a chemical imitation of a plant compound. Indeed Digitalis, Aspirin, Reserpine, Quinine, Tetracycline and the ever useful Penicillin are all members of this list. In fact according to the World Health Organization, herbal medicine today is still the primary source of health care for approximately eighty percent of the worlds population. Papaya/Pawpaw Carica papaya L., more commonly known as the papaya, belongs to the Caricaceae. Its classification is as follows: Division: Magnoliophyta, Class: Magnoliopside, Subclass: Dilleniidae, Order: Violales and as previously mentioned Family: Caricaceae. It was first described by the Spanish chronicler Oviedo in 1526, from the Caribbean coast of Panama and Colombia. Soon after it was grown throughout the tropics, its distribution being aided by the abundance of its seeds. The Papaya seed is viable for up to three years under cool, dry conditions and it is a herbaceous , dicotyledonous plant that may produce fruits for more than twenty years. The plant usually has a single trunk with several well developed branches. The melon-like fruit varies in size and shape, and hangs from short, thick peduncles at the leaf axil.

The Andromeda Strain Essay -- essays research papers

In the book, The Andromeda Strain there is a problem that faces mankind. This problem is a strange virus that comes to Earth from an unmanned satellite, which was in space. This satellite crashes into a small town in Arizona, which has a population of 38 people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When this satellite crashes into the Earth, it kills everyone, except for an old man and a two-month old baby. There are two scientists who have the job of going to the crash site and gathering up the remains from the satellite. While the two of them are attempting to do their job, they are mysteriously killed. The last thing that people on the other end of their radio heard was a loud scream, then static.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The government, which was listening to what all was going on through the radio, thought that this was very strange. In the past, they had thought about there being a time when strange organisms from outer space would come to Earth, and try to take over. They decided that they would design a building that could be used to research the different things that they might come across in the future. This building would have to be very sterile so that the organisms couldn’t contaminate anything and destroy the Earth. The building was five stories high and each level was more sterile than the previous one. The building was located in the middle of nowhere underground, so that no one would know about it, unless they were on one of the teams that would be doing the r...

Rhetorical analysis essay examples Essay

In the essay, â€Å"Education†, Ralph Waldo Emerson, a transcendentalist thinker, asserts that Education is damaged and he knows of a solution – the educators. He develops this claim by first introducing the paradox linking â€Å"Genius and Drill†, expressing his ideal method of teaching. Throughout the essay, Emerson tends to have a condemning tone against the educator but towards the end he changes it into a comforting one. Emerson’s purpose is to present an alternative style of teaching in order to persuade educators to use the teaching method by using paradoxes, rhetorical questions, and shifts in tone. He establishes an informative and didactic tone for educators who value attention to detail. Emerson begins his essay by explaining why educators must respect the child in order to create an ideal educational system. He states a paradox between genius and drill in which he backs up by giving insight to the educators about the natural abilities of the scholar. He does this in order to resemble how complex and developed these young students minds are and that they need room to develop their minds on their own. To address drill, Emerson uses short, straightforward sentences like, â€Å"Give a boy accurate perceptions. Make him call things by their right names. Pardon him in no blunder† to dictate the reader in what they have to drill into the children’s minds (Emerson 103). The use of short sentences also serves to relate to the ethos of the reader by making the sentences â€Å"larger† than what they mean, earning Emerson his credibility and persuading the educators. He then uses longer sentences to describe how genius should be implemented. The manipulation of sentence length assists in describing his method of educating the youth by providing declarative or descriptive sentences. Emerson illustrates his theory through an anecdote about how the natural way of learning is possible and actually more efficient than its traditional counterpart. He does this by giving examples of how Charles Fellows completed his ambitions without the traditional education system. This paradigm provides a real life example providing ethos for his audience by giving a real example of his theory being implemented. Rhetorical questions induce an emotional appeal from educators. Emerson’s use of rhetorical questions attacks the educator in such a way that they question their original methods. After describing the current systems militaristic ways, he asks the educators â€Å"What reformer will it nurse? What poet will it  breed to sing to the human race?†(105). He condemns the current system and asks how it could possibly benefit students. Furthermore Emerson provides an analogy comparing the patience needed to teach a student and the â€Å"dint of obstinate sitting still† to arouse animals. He then goes on to ask the educators, â€Å"Can you not wait for him, as Nature and Providence do† to taunt the educators of their definitive ways of teaching(107). All of these methods gear the audience toward a path of naturalistic standards. The shift in tone throughout the essay describes Emerson’s main argument. He transitions from asserting the defects in the system to bringing the educators together to repair the problem. In the beginning Emerson instructs the educator by using commanding verbs. For instance when he says to†Give a boy accurate perceptions. Teach him the difference between the similar and the same. Make him call things by their right names† (103). The continual use of verbs to start sentences sets a didactic tone that undermines the educator. Emerson accentuates an educator’s capacity to inspire students to thrive in a natural learning environment. Through strong commanding sentences, rhetorical question, and empowering tone Emerson strives to persuades the educator in reforming the education system.

Ancient Greek Marital and Gender Roles

past classic Marital and Gender Roles * card All claims argon surmises based polish discharge of textual clues and be non to be understood as f cultivate just now to be recognized as emf truths. The personas of men and women in antiquated classical civilization rear never be fully understood since no unriv altoge at that placed b essay today existed during their duration. That creation said, summary of texts writ cristal by antediluvian classical authors provides us with insight into how their culture vie espouse twain sexualitys. It is through these texts that scholars evoke hear universal issueions of genius and get hitched with compeers.Questions such as should women save themselves for espousals, Are men the providers, And were women judge to be subservient in a patriarchal companionship potbelly al unneurotic be answered through textual understanding. As we prepare to dive into antique texts and charter ab erupt the classical culture of old, unrivaled mustiness understand the splendour of utilizing treble authors. With push through c twaining upon a variety of texts, a credible and everlasting(a) theory on how old-fashi wizardd Hellenic individuals acted apprize non be erected.For the purposes of this analytic thinking the authors Euripides, Aeschylus, and homer impart be utilise with the prospect of further understanding antediluvian classic grammatical sexual activity and married mappings. pickings into account the differences among these texts in authorship and date, we will burden one-third main tasks rate what makes a right hubby and bully married muliebrity, discern if and why one role receives to a greater extent(prenominal) attention than the a nonher(prenominal), and conclude what ancient Grecian social norms may micturate been from the issueance these texts depict married relationships. Euripides, Hippolytus, provides a sturdy backbone for understanding how superannuated class ic civilization viewed sex roles.Before yarn a text it is important non to hold a narrow scope. This agency that one should non only focalization on the perceived main grammatical case, and rather trade how every character may depict an aspect of the and so current culture. Despite being coroneted Hippolytus, it is crucial non to only sum total on the character Hippolytus. In accompaniment, in that location may be just as frequently if non to a greater extent(prenominal) to be learned from Phaedra. Phaedra, being the stepmother of Hippolytus, supplies a accompaniment where her actions to contendd Hippolytus contribute be used in understanding the anticipate actions of married fe staminates toward single males. After Phaedra earns that her nurse has disclosed the cranky information rough her ro realitykindtic feelings for Hippolytus to him and that he has rejected her she takes her get life out(p) of shame. However, she leaves a note for her hubby Hippoly tus mother Theseus, claiming that his son has sacked her. This action reveals that by chance it was not unparkland for women to take their lives afterwards being sexu comp every last(predicate)owelyy violated. With that in judgement, it may be inferred that sexual purity was expect of women, that once a wo macrocosm has been tainted by a male who was not her partner she loses her respect, whiteness, and desir force.In addition, Theseus reaction from each oneows us to mold in time further into gender relationships and social norms. Theseus takes the offensive against Hippolytus, cursing him and subsequently causation his death. Nevertheless, instead of coming to the headfirst expiry that Theseus is emotionally volatile and lacking the ability to understand, it is pertinent that one stops and asks wherefore may he be possessed of acted this way? For where just about mistakes are make in textual abridgment is through hasty generalizations based on current era nor ms.Indeed, in todays world Theseus reaction would strain to his imprisonment and mandatory betings with a headhunter besides this was not always so. In past Greece awarding was critical and helped in determining social position. Euripides lived during the end of the Persian Wars and much like the notorious Spartans, the A consequentlyians considered repay for themselves and their family to be of the utmost importance. With this in heading we will take another smell at Theseus reaction and how it provides insight into Ancient classical culture.It is possible that Theseus reaction would have been of the norm during his time. It was most likely seen as dis abide byable to commit suicide as well as to lie on that pointfore, Theseus would not dare question the claims made by his married fair sex. Theseus was trying to comfort his purity as well as that of his family by winning action against he who had supposedly raped his married woman. Society may have expected him to avenge Phaedras death. This shows that a married couple was a strong unit, that distributively must have trust in each other it was not their debt instrument to question the word of their partner.Bearing everything in mind it so-and-so be deduced that a keen save is one who comforts his family and a nifty married woman one who is sure, plane if it convey taking their own life. Nevertheless, the male gender role stresses purity everyplace family. Moreover, when honor and family conflict, family loses hence the death of Hippolytus. Euripides portrayal of Hippolytus assists in depicting how men were expected to act in ordination. Hippolytus serves as a persona for a man who does not meet the standards of the societal norm. We are able to identify that Hippolytus is not a normal Athenian male because the goddess Aphrodite visites him for his actions.He is a boy who has not yet become a man he shows that it was not acceptable for males in Ancient society to resist maturi ty. His manage to remain abstinent, or more so his lack of sexual desire is common among the youth but not a matured male. Aphrodite is used to receiving praise and godliness from the male population and because Hippolytus does not idolization her but instead the virgin goddess Artemis she postulates to punish him. His punishment allows us to infer that all men were required to seek out a woman when they reached the age of maturity.Those who did not most likely brought shame to themselves and their family. Moreover, it can be seen through the emphasis on family, and sexual desire that procreation was not so much a plectrum as it is today but an financial obligation and trading of each and every able-bodied male. Ultimately, Euripides Hippolytus sheds a lot of light on social norms regarding gender roles. During the time impression in Ancient Greece while Euripides was alive estimated amid 484 407 B. C. E. (Before Current Era) the prevalence of honor was paramount, ef fecting the actions and choices made by both males and females.It was the employment of the male to nourish and fight honor for his family by taking action against those who hazard or abuse the fortitude of his family. precisely first it is his societal obligation to wed a woman and realise a family. On the other cut into women are important members of society, their word bears weight in discussion and decision, it is their duty to do it and protect their family as well as to maintain honor for themselves by being allegiant companions even if it means taking their own life. Although the assumptions made off of textual clues in Hippolytus appear valid, it is still important to consider other ancient texts.The Odyssey by homing pigeon is another text that provides clues toward how Ancient classic civilization regarded gender and matrimonial roles. on that point appears to be an undisputable amount of try out supporting that there was a recapitulate standard between men and women on how they should act toward the opposite sex. Odysseus engages in sexual activities with a large amount of women on his journey home to Ithaca. Whereas despite not having not seen her keep up for twenty years Penelope remains trus iirthy even though she has a crowd of suitors desiring her bed.Odysseus conduct leads to the belief that it was acceptable for Greek males to cheat on on their wives. However, there is not exuberant evidence that supports that his behavior was acceptable. Additionally his dower were not of the norm so it is cheating(prenominal) to say that Odysseus behavior corresponded with that of the average Greek male. The important part of Odysseus and Penelopes relationship that does speak to the social norms of society is the devotion held toward one another. Penelopes decision to remain unwavering to her husband even after twenty years of absence says a lot about Greek women.It can be inferred that marriage was a huge deal and consignment an even bigger one. If Penelope had chosen another suitor before cunning if Odysseus was dead or not then she could have potentially brought dishonor to herself and her family. The importance of loyalty and marriage is stressed by Penelopes actions. Additionally, she shows that to be a better wife is to be a committed wife. In comparison, although Odysseus is not loyal like Penelope, he shows that it is the duty of a husband to make it home to his wife and to always put family first.The fact that Odysseus wants more than anything to father home and see his wife so badly that he even gives up his potential life with calypso supports that commitment to ones family is the most important duty of a Greek male. When Odysseus does return home and finds that suitors have invade his house he takes action and eliminates all of them. Although it may be argued that a couple of the suitors were genuine, decent lot and should not have been killed, his decision to kill all of them attests to the duties of a good husband.The suitors entering his home without tick of his death was a strike at his honor. It is from his decision to eliminate all of the suitors that we can learn about how Ancient Greek society viewed the male gender role. work force were expected to be strong and to protect the honor of their home, to enter discussion over who was the most in the wrong presentmented weakness. In put for a man to go back his good name he must do away with any and all threats. This notion toward the expectations for Ancient Greek male gender roles is further supported by the actions of Odysseus son Telemachus.Telemachus had never met his father but still decided to set out on an expedition to find him. The fact that Telemachus had never met Odysseus when he decided to risk his life to find him validates the importance of family. intelligibly common ethics in Ancient Greek civilization endorsed family over everything. A son was expected to fight for his family no matter ho w close his relationship with the sojourn of his family may be. Normal male gender roles were to maintain honor and protect ones family.Homers The Odyssey and Euripides Hippolytus both percent common characteristics in their insight into Ancient Greek marital and social gender roles. The overwhelming aspect of both texts that appears to be the focal point of Ancient Greek culture is family commitment. All clues point toward both marital roles to be to preserve and protect the honor of ones family as well as the importance of having one. The assumption can be made that in order to be a good wife she must be loyal and honest, whereas to be a good husband he must also be wedded, putting his loved ones before himself and honor above all else.There does not appear to be one gender that receives more attention, supporting that both genders played a vital role in ancient culture. In contrast with the previous two texts, Aeschylus Oresteia Agamemnon offers a unlike approach in addressing Ancient Greek cultural norms relating to marital and gender roles. While Agamemnon is gone for ten years at the Trojan war his wife Clytemnestra conspires against him with her lover Aegisthus. To be fair, Agamemnon had ritual killingd their fille in order to have the hoist be on his side.Before we continue allow us analyze how this depicts Ancient Greek marital roles. The relationship between Agamemnon and Clytemnestra is implausibly strained after he sacrifices their daughter Iphigenia. However, if emotions are withheld it can be seen that maybe Agamemnons marital and gender role supported his decision. As was seen with the death of Hippolytus, stemming from Theseus duty to uphold his principles, it can be inferred that the need for a male to preserve his honor comes before family.Although taking a different approach, Oresteia Agamemnon, has the same main principles regarding marital roles. ask out this text allows us to see what happens when roles compete. As the story p rogresses more insight is provided into how marital roles are affected when one takes precedency over another. When Agamemnon returns home he brings with him a in the buff woman, Cassandra. After arguing with his wife about not wanting to display excess hubris by walking on the purple carpet their time together becomes very strained. Shortly after his return Clytemnestra murders Agamemnon and Cassandra.Her catharsis is complete after committing these murders and uses the sacrifice of Iphigenia as justification for her actions. Both the love affair of Clytemnestra with Aegisthus and Agamemnon with Cassandra hint that perhaps there were a little bit more public scandalous acts that took place in Ancient Greece than the other two texts let on. We have learned that in order to be a good wife she must protect her family and be loyal to her husband. The text indite by Aeschylus explicitly proves that when a wife must choose between loyalty to her husband and certificate of her family she will choose her family.Regardless of the obvious differences between this text and the two priors they all three present Ancient Greek gender and marital roles to be comprised of the same staple principles. That being said, all three get off a new characteristic. After analyzing all the texts it can be assumed that Greek culture revolved around family, loyalty, and honor. A good wife is a woman who puts her family first and remains loyal to her husband no matter what the circumstances. Likewise a good husband defends the honor of himself whilst be consecrate to his family.Nonetheless, after further synopsis it can be argued that social norms for marital roles did not always go hand in hand with what a good husband or wife should do. This is because certain(a) roles are emphasized more than others. When a wife chooses her children over her husband or a man defends his honor at the consequence of his family he or she can no long fit into the double for a good husband or wife . In another text written by Euripides, Medea, the view into the past is much different than that of Hippolytus or any of the other texts.That being said, it is crucial to analyze the new perspective in order to work an educated theory on what Ancient Greek marital roles used to be. Jason and Medea are married with children when Jason chooses to suddenly leave to splice the daughter of the king of Corinth. Euripides is insinuating that in round instances male gender roles overpower their marital roles. As a Greek man it is his duty to gain honor and status as well as to create a family. However, as a Greek husband it is his duty to be devoted to his family and to never leave them.From this text we can infer that the desire of a man to achieve honor and status can lead well-nigh men to repeal their families. The prospect of one day being king is too much for Jason, he leaves and forgoes his marital roles. His choice to relieve himself of his duties as a husband infers that not a ll men in Ancient Greece were morally sound, taking a very prosperous interpretation of the word honor. Additionally, Medea involves herself in some actions that go against what would be considered socially preferable. Medea is overwrought and angry after Jason abandons her and the children.She takes action by plotting to price Jason the way that he hurt her. Medea gives Jasons new wife a poisoned robe that burns her flesh off and murders her own two children in hopes to harm Jason. By murdering both Jasons wife and her children she is exhibiting revenge with the only intention of benefiting herself. This act infers that there were many citizens of Ancient Greece who did not regard the normal social roles. contrary Agamemnon who sacrificed his daughter to fulfill one of his societal roles, Medea acts completely outside of the norm by murdering her children in cold blood.Euripides may potentially be trying to express that there are always going to be individuals that act radical ly opposite to what is at the time considered normal. A distinction that must be recognized is that between gender roles and marital roles with the understanding that they some generation overlap. It seems as if more attention is placed on gender roles than marital roles. For instance, Odysseus chooses to cheat on his wife, Agamemnon sacrifices his daughter, Clytemnestra murders her husband, and Jason deserts his family.After analyzing all of the texts we can last make an educated decision on what marital and gender roles were like in Ancient Greece. It appears that Ancient Greek society had determined roles for both men and women and they were meant to be adamantly revered. A good husband was considered to be a man who was devoted to his family and defended the honor of himself and his home. He recognized that there is no honor in annoyance loved ones, no matter what the outcome. Additionally, a good wife was a woman who was completely loyal to her husband and her family, defend them by whatever means necessary.However, thorough analysis reveals that there were often times people who went against what would be deemed good because they made a choice when roles conflicted that ensued a consequence for a loved one to bear. And in conclusion there were those who went against the grain completely. Overall, Ancient Greek social norms involved family at the center and devotion from every member to each other. The reason there is such a strong emphasis placed on understanding, documenting, and analyzing history is because it is through historic analysis that scholars can infer as to how contemporary culture came to be.It is through investigation of historical texts and other mediums of recording history that allows us to track the progression of people and their roles in society. In the current era people are still learning more about how past societies operated and what led to their development. From Homer to Hemmingway there is always more that can be learned t hrough textual analysis, whether it be a historical first source or not. 1 . Struck, rooster T. ClSt 200 Greek Tragedy. ClSt 200 Greek Tragedy. N. p. , 2000. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. .